Влияние добавок натурального каучука на биоразлагаемость и экологичность композиций на основе полиэтилена низкой плотности
Автор: Иветта Арамовна Варьян
Соавторы: Варьян И.А., Колесникова Н.Н., Масталыгина Е.Е., Попов А.А.
Организация: Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 2Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow
Development of biodegradable polymeric materials, resulting from addition of the natural filler of renewable raw materials to the synthetical cavity is one of the prospective approaches to solving the environmental problem of plastic packing and agricultural film’s waste treatment. The composite materials’ properties based on popular low density polyethylene (LDPE) film material production laced with raw natural rubber, which is quite quickly exposed to oxydative and biological degradation, are examined in the present work. The polymers were compounded in blending machine of Brabender type at temperature of 1400С, then they were pressed at 1400С with further quick chilling to temperature of 20±20С. The thickness of film samples was 140±10 mcm. The results of NR effect on composites’ properties determination are provided in the Table below.
|
Sample of PE/NR |
Ɛb, % |
σ, MPa |
Еmod, MPa |
ΔM0, % |
ΔM1, % |
ΔM2, % |
|
100 |
613 |
15.1 |
87 |
0 |
0 |
0.3 |
|
90/10 |
120 |
6.3 |
62 |
2 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
|
80/20 |
260 |
6.5 |
54 |
3 |
1.2 |
0.7 |
|
70/30 |
330 |
6.4 |
46 |
6 |
1.3 |
2.7 |
|
60/40 |
330 |
4.8 |
38 |
10 |
3.2 |
30.5 |
|
50/50 |
330 |
3.9 |
29 |
12 |
7.3 |
42.0 |
|
Note: Ɛр – elongation at break (at 100 mm/min.) % (± 10 %), σ – tensile stress at break, MPa (± 0.5 MPa), Еmod – elasticity modulus, MPa (± 5 MPa), ΔM0 – equilibrium water absorption %, ΔM1 – field weight loss in soil for 15 months., weight %, ΔM2 – laboratory weight loss in soil for 17 months., weight %. |
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Despite of mechanic indexes decrease, the PE/NR compositions comply with requirements, provided for household and agricultural products. The samples highest weight loss, as well as deterioration degree after their holding in soil is observed for mixtures with NR 40 and 50 weight %. These same mixtures are defined by the largest indexes of water absorption, which contributes to microorganisms’ growth and development. The results have testified that polyethylene with natural rubber composites have higher biodegradability factor in ambient conditions as compared to alone polyethylene.
